As long as the solution is a water-based solution, it should be fine. You should never ever use a Bunsen burner to heat a flammable liquid such as alcohol, ether, acetone, etc.
Yes - the sugar doesn't evaporate.
no, it is more safe to use water bath :)
you can separate a solution by evaporating it, melting it and by heating it
You think probable to water distillation.
yes the water pump would be bad if its evaporating the water very quick.
Marble chips are added during heating so that the solution or substance can boil evenly. Evenly boiling the solution will cause it not to have heating spots, which can cause an eruption of bubbles. Heating spots are caused when the heat being applied is only getting to the liquid at the bottom of the flask, causing the liquid down there to evaporate more quickly than the upper liquid. The liquid evaporating causes bubbles to shoot through the solution vigorously, disrupting the system. To avoid these heating spots, we add marble chips or boiling chips to induce a nice, even boil.
Yes, sugar can be separated from a sugar solution by evaporating the water, such as by heating or by using a vacuum. However, if heat is used one must be careful not to overheat the sugar, as it can decompose.
boiling is the heating of a liquid 'til it begins evaporating whereas burning is the heating of a solid 'til it crumbles and turns to carbon
the copper must have combined with another substance.
the copper must have combined with another substance.
Also known as watch glasses, evaporating dishes are used in chemistry in order to evaporate substances, most usually water, to produce a more concentrated solution or a solid precipitate of the dissolved substance.
It is necessary to handle the evaporating dish only with the crucible tongs after the initial heating because you will burn your hands/feet/whatever appendage you use to pick the dish up with.