No, but its there if you want it.
No. Most filesystems on Linux do not have encryption builtin, though you can have an ecryptfs-formatted partition on certain distributions that offer to encrypt your home folder. Most other filesystems while unencrypted, can rely on using LUKS as an encryption layer.
Windows uses 4 file systems: FAT, NTFS, exFAT, and ReFS. "Linux" supports dozens of file systems, there are too many to mention. The differences between them are massive and specific to the file system in question. For a proper answer you need to read http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system . It is incorrect to say "the Linux file system is faster than Windows" because it's dependent on the data, and of course because there is no "Linux file system." It's incorrect to say "The Linux filesystem is more/less secure than the Windows file system" for the same reason. Drive encryption is available in both Windows and Linux. To the average user, there is no functional difference.
The first file system Linux supported was the MINIX file system.
There is no set file manager in linux. Examples of Linux file managers include but: Nautilus (GNOME) Thunar (XFCE) Dolphin (KDE)
Encryption is available in the NTFS file system because it supports advanced security features, including file permissions and access control, which are essential for managing encrypted data. NTFS is designed for use in environments requiring high security and data integrity, while FAT32 is a simpler file system that lacks these advanced features. Consequently, FAT32 does not provide the necessary infrastructure to implement encryption effectively.
Security.
Encryption is the best.
Only with the proper Encryption key, without that it's lost forever. Encryption uses a different algorithm every time, and only the key generated at the time of encryption can decrypt that file.
Cryptography or encryption are the two names of same technique and that is file encryption. File encryption is the best and most reliable and user friendly way to secure your data. Encryption software that are genuine and easy to use like Data Protecto and Folder Lock are ideal for encrypting your documents.
One of the most effective file encryption software available online is Sophos Free Encryption. It is based off their pay to use program SafeGuard PrivateCrypto.
Nothing. The FAT file system simply does not support the features needed for file/folder encryption. You'll have to convert the volume to NTFS.
File encryption utilizes passwords and strings of digits to ensure file safety and security. It is meant to ensure that data cannot be compromised. There are many ways of encrypting files.