Fructose has a free ketone group.
through isomerization that happens in the liver. remember glucose and fructose have the same molecular formula. so it's just repositioning of OH elimination of ketone part of the fructose.
The main functional groups in sugar and other carbohydrates is the carbonyl group and the hydroxyl group. The carbonyl group is composed of the aldehyde and ketone groups.
Fructose and glucose are joined by their glycosidic bond in such a way as to prevent the glucose isomerizing to aldehyde, or the fructose to alpha-hydroxy-ketone form. This stops it reacting to Benidict's reagent. However sucrose indirectly produces a positive result with Benedict's reagent if heated with dilute hydrochloric acid prior to the test, although after this treatment it is no longer sucrose. ;-)
Isomerisation of the glucose, which is an alpha-hydroxy-ketone, into fructose being beta-hydroxy-aldehydes.It is done together with an enzyme: glucose-isomerase and will end up in an equilibrium state when about 50% is converted in fructose (also 50%).This mixture is called:isomerose-syrup or IsoSweet(R) and is sweeter than the same amount of glucose-syrup.High Fructose Corn Steep (HFCS) liquor has up to 65% fructose by special treatment of 1.Without an enzyme the reaction could be carried out in moderate alkaline solution and then also mannose is formed.
Fructose has a free ketone group.
in glucose it is carbon# 1... and in fructose it is carbon# 2... becoz aldehyde and ketone group of glucose and fructose are attached to ist and 2nd carbon respectivally....
through isomerization that happens in the liver. remember glucose and fructose have the same molecular formula. so it's just repositioning of OH elimination of ketone part of the fructose.
The main functional groups in sugar and other carbohydrates is the carbonyl group and the hydroxyl group. The carbonyl group is composed of the aldehyde and ketone groups.
D-glucose is an aldehyde with the carbonyl group on carbon 1; D-fructose is a ketone with the carbonyl group on carbon 2
The aldehyde of glucose can tautomerize to an enol. The ketone in fructose can tautomerize to the same enol. This enol can return to either keto form under the conditions promoting tautomerization.
This is a 6 carbon sugar containing a Ketone group, such as fructose. Fructose occurs in invert sugar, honey and a great many fruits used in food stuffs, thus it occurs in jam
A positive Tollen's test is given by compounds that have a free aldehyde or ketone functional group. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose. In sucrose, the components glucose and fructose are linked via an ether bond between C1 (carbon with aldehyde group) on the glucosyl subunit and C2 (carbon with ketone group) on the fructosyl unit. The bond is called a glycosidic linkage. In other words, in sucrose there is no free aldehyde or ketone functional group. Hence sucrose will not answer Tollen's test.
Only aldehydes give a positive Tollens test. However, under the strongly basic conditions of the test, alpha-hydroxy ketones can isomerize to aldehydes, so they will also give a positive Tollens test. Fructose is an alpha-hydroxy ketone.
Fructose and glucose are joined by their glycosidic bond in such a way as to prevent the glucose isomerizing to aldehyde, or the fructose to alpha-hydroxy-ketone form. This stops it reacting to Benidict's reagent. However sucrose indirectly produces a positive result with Benedict's reagent if heated with dilute hydrochloric acid prior to the test, although after this treatment it is no longer sucrose. ;-)
Ketone
Isomerisation of the glucose, which is an alpha-hydroxy-ketone, into fructose being beta-hydroxy-aldehydes.It is done together with an enzyme: glucose-isomerase and will end up in an equilibrium state when about 50% is converted in fructose (also 50%).This mixture is called:isomerose-syrup or IsoSweet(R) and is sweeter than the same amount of glucose-syrup.High Fructose Corn Steep (HFCS) liquor has up to 65% fructose by special treatment of 1.Without an enzyme the reaction could be carried out in moderate alkaline solution and then also mannose is formed.