TRANSPOSONS
Mutation can create new alleles, therfore can change allele frequencies in a population.
A deleterious mutation has a negative effect on the phenotype, and thus decreases the fitness of the organism. (A harmful mutation)
A mutation in a pre-existing gene. If the mutation effects the phenotype derived from the gene, it is determined to be a different allele. Mutations can be small (such as a single nucleotide polymorphism) or large (such as entire genome duplication).
No. Radiation can cause rearrangements or alterations in the DNA. Additionally, radiation can cause improper gene replication, resulting in minor duplication and other errors.
Gene duplication is a key mechanism in evolution.
Gene duplication (or chromosomal duplication or gene amplification) is any duplication of a region of DNA that contains a gene; it may occur as an error in homologous recombination, a retrotransposition event, or duplication of an entire chromosome.
Yes. When a gene is duplicated you have one gene doing the job it was doing before and the possibility of the duplicated gene having a beneficial mutation and picking up a brand new job to do and making a newly beneficial protein. Of course if the mutation is deleterious that organism will not pass those genes on any further than progeny. Remember, only germline mutation are passed on to future generations.
deletion
TRANSPOSONS
translocation
No, only switches traits inside the crossed over segments
Melvin L. DePamphilis has written: 'Genome duplication' -- subject(s): DNA replication, Genome, Gene Duplication 'Concepts in eukaryotic DNA replication' -- subject(s): DNA replication
Mutation can create new alleles, therfore can change allele frequencies in a population.
natural selection
mutation are caused by radiation and are 99.9% harmful
negative selection.