No, this is not true. The spiral-type compact fluorescent bulbs can be operated in any orientation provided that there is sufficient air circulation around the bulb. But if you put the bulb in a fixed enclosure then it will last longer if the base is facing downwards so that the heat is conducted away from the electronics in the ballast. Always follow the manufacturers's directions - usually written on the bulb. No, this is not true. The spiral-type compact fluorescent bulbs can be operated in any orientation provided that there is sufficient air circulation around the bulb. But if you put the bulb in a fixed enclosure then it will last longer if the base is facing downwards so that the heat is conducted away from the electronics in the ballast. And, always follow the manufacturers's directions - usually written on the bulb. Regards, Laszlo Herczeg, laszlo DOT herczeg AT austinenergy.com
Apart from no, your question has no simple answer. Fluorescent lamps need a few kV to start them and have a 90V drop when running. All of that is provided by the "gear" needed to run a fluorescent lamp. In a compact fluorescent (CFL), the gear is inside the cap.
mercury
No, the ballast's output is not matched to operate a fluorescent bulb.
The basic fluorescent light fixture is AC, although there are fluorescent lights powered by DC.
If its a boxer engine, make sure you keep the cylinders horizontal.
A fluorescent light fixture is designed to operate on an AC voltage supply. To have the fixture operate off of a DC supply a power inverter would have to be installed. The power inverter would then change the DC to AC for the fixture to operate. These power inverters are reasonably priced these days and can be bought at most DIY stores.
If you are talking about the lamp then the answer is no. If you are talking about the fluorescent fixture, it should be. It is the fixture grounding that helps the tube to ignite. because of the close proximity to the metal of the fixture. There are many occasions when the fixture will not operate, but as soon as the ground is connected the fixture operates fine.
You talk about tubes specifically so I assume the 60 watt fixture is also designed for tubes. In such a case you should not use a higher wattage tube. If you were to replace a 60 watt incandescent bulb with a compact florescent of 75 watts you are correct that the heat would be less. If heat were the only de-rating factor you would probably be okay. Not sure how this is handled in the code.
These tubes need a ballast to operate the tubes. The current and voltage will be marked on the fixtures ballast.
I would say no. My reasoning is that if incandescent bulbs have as much or more mercury than fluorescent bulbs, the fluorescent industry would be debunking all the reports of a mercury problem.Incandescent lights do not need or use mercury to operate, so there is none in them.Fluorescent lights cannot be made at all without mercury, as it is the glow of mercury ions that produces the UV light inside the fluorescent bulb to excite the phosphor coating to make visible light.
A theodolite machine is a tool used by land surveyers to measure verticle and horizontal angles. A digital theodolite machine is one with a digital display. You may fine video instruction on how to operate this machine on youtube.
Fluorescent light bulbs can not be connected to a constant voltage power supply, or they will self destruct. They must use a ballast in order for this not happening. This way they can operate under 430 mA, with a drop of 100 volts. The larger the bulb, the more voltage needed (going all the way up to 1.5 A).