0
Is kerala psc approved the distance education bcom degreeof annamalai university?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Is kerala psc approved the distance education BCom of periyar university?
Read more: Is_kerala_psc_approved_the_distance_education_BCom_of_periyar_university
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
What lines of latitude at 0 degreeof latitude is located around the middle of the globe?
Bluebeth: I think you mean the Equator. Hope I helped :-)
Is hitting or pushing a senior considered a felony?
It's assault which is a felony.
What happens to the distance between latitude as you approach the pole?
Nothing happens. No matter how far north or south you are, 1 degreeof latitude is always the same distance ... roughly 69.1 miles.
How many degrees are between the lines of latitude on Asia?
There are an infinite number of lines of latitude and longitude. It depends on what sort of map you are looking at. A map of the world may show lines 10 or 15 degrees apart. A map of a country may show lines 2, 5 or 10 degrees apart. A map of a region within a country may show lines 1 degree or 30 minutes apart. A map of a local area such as a city, may show lines minutes and seconds apart.
What are the different types of maintenance systems?
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS.Maintenance ManagementManagement characterises the process ofleading and directing all or part of an organization, often a business one, throughthe deployment and manipulation of resources (human, financial, material,intellectual or intangible).One can also think of management functionally as theaction of measuring a quantity on a regular basis and adjusting an initial planand the actions taken to reach one's intended goal. This applies even insituations where planning does not take place. Situational management mayprecede and subsume purposive management.Maintenance management will therefore characterise the process of leadingand directing the maintenance organization. Before describing this process, letus make sure that we understand what a maintenance organization, with theresources belonging to it, is pursuing.Maintenance is defined as the combination of all technical,administrative and managerial actions during the life cycle of an item intendedto retain it in, or restore it to, a state in which it can perform the requiredfunction (function or a combination of functions of an item which areconsidered necessary to provide a given service).This definition clarifies the objective of maintenance and can help us tounderstand what part of an organization is, somehow, devoted to maintenance.we can define maintenance management as follows :"All the activities of the management that determine the maintenanceobjectives or priorities (defined as targets assigned and accepted by themanagement and maintenance department), strategies (defined as amanagement method in order to achieve maintenance objectives), andresponsibilities and implement them by means such as maintenanceplanning, maintenance control and supervision, and several improvingmethods including economical aspects in the organization."the objectives of the MMSA. Optimize the use of available funds, personnel, and facilities and equipment through effective maintenance management methods.B. Provide accurate data for maintenance and construction program decisionmaking.C. Systematically identify maintenance needs and deficiencies and capital improvement needs at all field stations.D. Determine the unfunded maintenance backlog for the Service.E. Establish field station, Regional, and national maintenance and construction project priorities.F. Enable preparation of Service maintenance and construction budget requests using systematic, standardized procedures.G. Monitor and document corrective actions, project expenditures, and accomplishments.H. Conduct comprehensive condition assessments of all Service real property and personal property valued at $50,000 or greater.=======================================================Various types of maintenance strategies1. Reactive MaintenanceReactive maintenance is basically the "run it till it breaks" maintenance mode. No actions orefforts are taken to maintain the equipment as the designer originally intended to ensure design life isreached.Advantages to reactive maintenance can be viewed as a double-edged sword. If we are dealingwith new equipment, we can expect minimal incidents of failure. If our maintenance program ispurely reactive, we will not expend manpower dollars or incur capitol cost until something breaks.Advantages• Low cost.• Less staff.Disadvantages• Increased cost due to unplanned downtime ofequipment.• Increased labor cost, especially if overtime isneeded.• Cost involved with repair or replacement ofequipment.• Possible secondary equipment or process damagefrom equipment failure.• Inefficient use of staff resources2. Preventive MaintenancePreventive maintenance can bedefined as follows: Actions performed ona time- or machine-run-based schedulethat detect, preclude, or mitigate degradationof a component or system with theaim of sustaining or extending its usefullife through controlling degradation to anacceptable level.Advantages• Cost effective in many capital intensive processes.• Flexibility allows for the adjustment of maintenanceperiodicity.• Increased component life cycle.• Energy savings.• Reduced equipment or process failure.• Estimated 12% to 18% cost savings over reactivemaintenance program.Disadvantages• Catastrophic failures still likely to occur.• Labor intensive.• Includes performance of unneeded maintenance.• Potential for incidental damage to components inconducting unneeded maintenance.3. Predictive MaintenancePredictive maintenance can be defined as follows: Measurements that detect the onset of a degradationmechanism, thereby allowing causal stressors to be eliminated or controlled prior to any significantdeterioration in the component physical state. Results indicate current and future functionalcapability.Basically, predictive maintenance differsfrom preventive maintenance by basingmaintenance need on the actualcondition of the machine rather than onsome preset schedule. You will recall thatpreventive maintenance is time-based.Activities such as changing lubricant arebased on time, like calendar time orequipment run time. For example, mostpeople change the oil in their vehiclesevery 3,000 to 5,000 miles traveled. Thisis effectively basing the oil change needson equipment run time. No concern isgiven to the actual condition and performancecapability of the oil. It is changedbecause it is time. This methodologywould be analogous to a preventive maintenancetask. If, on the other hand, theoperator of the car discounted the vehiclerun time and had the oil analyzed at someperiodicity to determine its actual conditionand lubrication properties, he/she may be able to extend the oil change until the vehicle hadtraveled 10,000 miles. This is the fundamental difference between predictive maintenance and preventivemaintenance, whereby predictive maintenance is used to define needed maintenance taskbased on quantified material/equipment condition.The advantages of predictive maintenance are many. A well-orchestrated predictive maintenanceprogram will all but eliminate catastrophic equipment failures. We will be able to schedulemaintenance activities to minimize or delete overtime cost. We will be able to minimize inventoryand order parts, as required, well ahead of time to support the downstream maintenance needs. Wecan optimize the operation of the equipment, saving energy cost and increasing plant reliability. PastAdvantages• Increased component operational life/availability.• Allows for preemptive corrective actions.• Decrease in equipment or process downtime.• Decrease in costs for parts and labor.• Better product quality.• Improved worker and environmental safety.• Improved worker moral.• Energy savings.• Estimated 8% to 12% cost savings over preventivemaintenance program.Disadvantages• Increased investment in diagnostic equipment.• Increased investment in staff training.• Savings potential not readily seen by management.4.Reliability Centered MaintenanceRCM: "a process used to determine the maintenance requirements of any physical asset in its operating context."Basically, RCM methodology deals with some key issues not dealt with by other maintenance programs.It recognizes that all equipment in a facility is not of equal importance to either the process orfacility safety. It recognizes that equipment design and operation differs and that different equipmentwill have a higher probability to undergofailures from different degradation mechanismsthan others. It also approachesthe structuring of a maintenance programrecognizing that a facility does not haveunlimited financial and personnel resourcesand that the use of both need to be prioritizedand optimized. In a nutshell, RCMis a systematic approach to evaluate afacility's equipment and resources to bestmate the two and result in a high degreeof facility reliability and cost-effectiveness.RCM is highly reliant on predictive maintenancebut also recognizes that maintenanceactivities on equipment that isinexpensive and unimportant to facilityreliability may best be left to a reactivemaintenance approach. The followingmaintenance program breakdowns ofAdvantages• Can be the most efficient maintenance program.• Lower costs by eliminating unnecessary maintenanceor overhauls.• Minimize frequency of overhauls.• Reduced probability of sudden equipment failures.• Able to focus maintenance activities on criticalcomponents.• Increased component reliability.• Incorporates root cause analysis.Disadvantages• Can have significant startup cost, training, equipment,etc.• Savings potential not readily seen by management.How Tero-technology is related to maintenance management, DiscussThe term "technology" to refer to the study of the costs associated with an asset throughout its life cycle - from acquisition to disposal. The goals of this approach are to reduce the different costs incurred at the various stages of the asset's life and to develop methods that will help extend the asset's life span.Terotechnology uses tools such as-net present value,-internal rate of return and-discounted cash flow in an attempt to minimize the costs associated with the asset in the future.These costs can include engineering, maintenance, wages payable to operate the equipment, operating costs and even disposal costs.Also known as "life-cycle costing".For example, let's say an oil company is attempting to map out the costs of an offshore oil platform. They would use terotechnology to map out the exact costs associated with assembly, transportation, maintenance and dismantling of the platform, and finally a calculation of salvage value.This study is not an exact science: there are many different variables that need to be estimated and approximated. However, a company that does not use this kind of study may be worse off than one that approaches an asset's life cycle in a more ad hoc manner.THIS APPROACH HELPS TO OBTAINING MAXIMUM BENEFITFROM THE PHYSICAL ASSETS. THIS INVOLVES-systematic application of engineering,-financial and management expertise in the assessment of the life cycleimpact of an acquisition [ plant/equipment/machines etc ] on therevenues and expenses of the acquiring organization.PRACTICE OF of terotechnology is a continuous CYCLE that begins with the DESIGN and SELECTION of the REQUIRED item, follows through with its INSTALLATION,COMMISSIONING ,OPERATION , and MAINTENANCE until the item's REMOVAL and DISPOSAL and then restarts with its REPLACEMENT .An additional answerSome engineers add proactive maintenance instead of reliability centered maintenance .Proactive maintenance is combination of reactive ,preventive and predictive maintenance and shares advantages with each of them.Proactive approach has gained much popularity in maintenance of plants and installations.
