No, it's not a one gene disorder
While technically there are more than one, the main one by far is sickle cell anemia.
The condition is called sickle cell trait. This occurs when an individual inherits one sickle cell gene and one normal hemoglobin gene, resulting in milder symptoms compared to sickle cell disease.
A child has to receive the gene from both parents to heve sickle cell anemia. if only one parent passes on the gene, then the child will have sickle cell trait, but no symptoms of sickle cell anemia.
Sickle Cell Anemia is an autosomal recessive trait. This means that in order for the trait to be shown, both parents of an individual must carry at least one sickle cell gene. A child with this disorder can be born to parents who do not have the disorder because the parents must have at least one gene, but do not have two and therefore do not show the trait. Since it is recessive, in order to show the trait, you must have two of the genes.
While technically there are more than one, the main one by far is sickle cell anemia.
If you carry the sickle cell gene, it doesn't really mean much as far as your own personal health goes. Except that you are less likely to get malaria. However, if you decide to have kids, and whoever you mate with also carries the sickle cell gene (not the full blown disease/gene) , your child has a chance of having sickle cell disease (full blown).
Sickle-cell anemia is characterised by abnormal haemoglobin which are not the correct shape and cannot carry oxygen. It is a genetic disease - and a person must have two copies of the gene to have sickle-cell anemia. (Heterozygous individuals, with one copy, are known as having sickle-cell trait - and some of their haemoglobin may be misshapen).
Sickle-cell anemia is characterised by abnormal haemoglobin which are not the correct shape and cannot carry oxygen. It is a genetic disease - and a person must have two copies of the gene to have sickle-cell anemia. (Heterozygous individuals, with one copy, are known as having sickle-cell trait - and some of their haemoglobin may be misshapen).
No, sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait are not the same. Sickle cell anemia is a severe form of the disease caused by inheriting two sickle cell genes (one from each parent), leading to significant health complications. In contrast, sickle cell trait occurs when an individual inherits only one sickle cell gene and one normal gene, typically resulting in no symptoms but allowing the person to pass the trait to their offspring.
People who inherit one sickle cell gene are said to have sickle cell trait. This means they carry the gene but do not typically have symptoms of sickle cell disease. It is important for individuals with sickle cell trait to be aware of their status for proper medical management and genetic counseling.
A person with one sickle cell gene and one normal hemoglobin gene has sickle cell trait, which can provide some protection against malaria. This advantage makes them more capable of surviving in regions where malaria is prevalent compared to someone with no sickle cell genes, who would be more susceptible to severe malaria infection.
Sickle cell disease is primarily a recessive disorder, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of the sickle cell gene (one from each parent) to express the disease. However, it also exhibits incomplete dominance because individuals with one normal gene and one sickle cell gene (carriers) can show some symptoms, such as mild anemia or sickle-shaped cells under certain conditions. This dual expression illustrates how the sickle cell trait can manifest in varying degrees depending on the genetic makeup of the individual. Thus, while the disease is recessive, the trait displays incomplete dominance in heterozygous carriers.