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Is the concentration of solutes in a cell is less than the concentration of solutes in the surrounding fluid then the extracellular fluid is Said to be?
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What are the solutes that maintain balance between intracellular and extracellular fluid?
sodium, chloride, & potassium
What is surrounding fluid to a cells interior?
Yes, the interstitial fluid is an extracellular fluid that surrounds the cells.
Can reabsorbing of solutes influence the reabsorption of water from the tubule fluid?
Yes. The movement of solutes into peritubular capillaries decreases the solute concentration of the tubular fluid but increases the solute concentration in the peritubular capillaries. As a result, water moves by osmosis into peritubular capillaries.
Definition of fluid-phase endocytosis?
Wikipedia has a nice article on this. Type in "endocytosis" as the search term.
Why and how does the ECF differ from the ICF?
The acronym ECF stands for extracellular fluid. Extracellular fluid is the fluid outside of the cell in the human body.
What are the solutes that maintain balance between intracellular and extracellular fluid?
sodium, chloride, & potassium
What effect will Raising the potassium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid surrounding a nerve cell have?
Both hyperpolarize it and decrease the magnitude of the potassium equilibrium potential.
Cells in the body have a fluid surrounding them What is the name of this fluid?
Interstitial fluid also called extracellular fluid.
If the concentration of sodium ions in the fluid surrounding cells decrease and the concentration of the solutes inside the cell remain constant what will happen?
The cell will expand until the ionic concentration is the same inside as out (or the membrane fails and the cell "explodes").
The extracellular fluid concentration of which ion is not primarily regulated by the kidney?
iron
What is surrounding fluid to a cells interior?
Yes, the interstitial fluid is an extracellular fluid that surrounds the cells.
What concentration gradients are established and maintained by the sodium-potassium exchange pump?
high Na+ concentration in the extracellular fluid; high K+ concentration in the cytoplasm
What concentration gradients are established and maintained by the sodium potassium exchange pumps?
high Na+ concentration in the extracellular fluid; high K+ concentration in the cytoplasm
The main hormone that acts on the kidneys to regulate sodium ion concentration of the extracellular fluid is?
Aldosterone
Can reabsorbing of solutes influence the reabsorption of water from the tubule fluid?
Yes. The movement of solutes into peritubular capillaries decreases the solute concentration of the tubular fluid but increases the solute concentration in the peritubular capillaries. As a result, water moves by osmosis into peritubular capillaries.
Definition of fluid-phase endocytosis?
Wikipedia has a nice article on this. Type in "endocytosis" as the search term.
Explain the meaning of Haemolysis and crenation?
Haemolysis is the breaking open of red blood cells and the release of hemoglobin into the surrounding fluid . Crenationis the contraction or formation of abnormal notchings around the edges of a cell after exposure to a hypertonic solution, due to the loss of water through osmosis.Crenation occurs because in a hypertonic environment, (that is, the cell has a lower concentration of solutes than the surrounding extracellular fluid), osmosis (the diffusion of water) causes a net movement of water out of the cell, causing the cytoplasm to decrease in its volume. As a result the cell shrinks.
