Yes purchase returns are deducted from purchases to calculate the net amount of purchases and that's why included in cost of sales.
Forumula for calculation of actual saees: Actual sales = (number of units sold * Sales price ) - sales returns and discounts
purchases+purchases discounts+sales returns and allowances+frieght charges+ begining inventory
Carriage on purchases is an expense incurred when the business delivers goods to their customers and it is not included in the amount of sales.
Examples of books of original entry are the sales day book, the purchases day book, the sales returns book, the purchases day book, the journal, and the cash book. These are books used in accounting.
The amount sold after customers' returns, sales discounts, and other allowances are taken away from gross sales. (Companies usually just show the net salesamount on their income statements, omitting returns, allowances, and the like.) Net (sales) revenue = (beg+purchases) - end
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It means that 60% of sales and purchases are done on cash basis while 40% of purchases and sales are done on credit basis.
Sales Returns and Allowances are contra revenue accounts because they reduce that total amount of sales. [Sales-Sales returns and allowances=Net sales]. They are reported on the income statement.
Sales returns day book only record the sales returns in any day and no other entry is recorded in it.
it is sales less sales returns
Yes, sales returns does appear in the income statement:Revenues:Sales 250,000less Sales returns 25,000
Sales returns and allowances is not a liability rather these are expenses or reduction in actual sales