No, the universe is mostly a vacuum but a black hole is (theoretically) when gravity goes wild and rips a hole in space and time
Partially because when the universe was the size of a baseball the four principle forces were not yet separate, but one force. So there was no gravity to create a black hole, there was no strong force, weak force, or the force of electromagnetism.
it's called "time dilation" if you look into relativity, Einstein describes the constant of the universe being the speed of light. Since a black hole is infinte in gravity, the black hole sucks in the light. So it in a since changes the constant that constrains time and so to speak "eat's time!"
Well, a singularity is part of a black hole. Although no-one really knows what existed before, a likely explanation is that every black hole contains another universe. So when our black hole was created, we were too.
Unlikely. The universe is a very big place, even next to the largest black holes we know. For a black hole to suck in the entire Universe, it would need to be nearly as massive as the universe itself. There is no way that such a black hole could form.
No, the universe is not inside a black hole. Black holes are regions of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from them. The universe is much larger and contains many galaxies, stars, and planets, including black holes.
No. The gravitational field of a black hole is so great that electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectrum does not escape from them. Therefore, you couldn't directly see a black hole regardless of where you were in the universe.
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Since we are always in motion and we have reason to believe that there are many black holes in the universe, there is bound to be one in the direction that we are moving. So, yes, I am moving toward a black hole. As are you.
A black hole is more powerful than anything in the Universe except an XZ Majoris Ceiphei, so indeed you would have to die if you fell into a black hole for sure; except if you ARE an XZ Majoris Ceiphei.
Many theories have come into existence. The recent one is the hyperspace which states that our universe is like a 3D event horizon of a 4D black hole. So the 3D black holes in our universe there are 2D event horizons consisting of 2D universes. Now a black hole is a hole in the fabric of space-time. So actually it is the last stage itself. Its like the hole in a bathtub or the sink from where all the contents escape to somewhere else.
I don't think so. Such an observer will be utterly destroyed quite soon.
X-rays are the best band for studying black holes as the radiations emitted by the black hole is X-rays so we can expect the presence of a black hole anywhere in the Universe.