depends on the context
(Update from another answerer): Depends on the context? I guess the helpfulness of an answer depends on the.... content, which that answer severely lacked. To actually ANSWER the question, here goes: If you Google it, or look it up on history.NASA.gov which refers to the Chicago Manual of Style, NASA insists that universe not be capitalized. Technically, though, it fits all of the requirements to be a proper noun, and therefore some people do capitalize it and (technically, again) they can't be penalized for that. To sum up, those that use this term the most in a professional sense (NASA and her partners) prefer not to capitalize it, while those that want to give emphasis to the importance of the word and/or show that they know the technical definition of a proper noun will capitalize universe.
Yes, the word "university" should be capitalized when it is used as part of a proper noun, such as "Harvard University." If it is used generically, as in "I am attending the university," then it is not capitalized.
Only in the cases when it's used as a name.
No, the word "novel" does not have to be capitalized in every sentence. It should be capitalized only if it is the first word in a sentence or part of a title.
No, the word "fifteen" should not be capitalized in a date within a sentence unless it is the first word of the sentence.
No, the word "mammogram" should not be capitalized within a sentence unless it is at the beginning of a sentence or part of a title.
No, the word "dear" is not capitalized in the sentence "I'm home dear."
No, the word "region" does not need to be capitalized in a sentence unless it is the first word of the sentence or part of a proper noun (e.g. "Pacific Northwest region").
No, the word forecast should not be capitalized in a sentence.
It is capitalized at the beginning of the sentence or when it forms part of the proper noun. Example: Ateneo de Manila University
No, the word basketball is not a proper noun and so it does not get capitalized in a sentence unless it is the first word of that sentence.
No it shouldn't be capitalized.
No, the word "region" does not need to be capitalized in a sentence unless it is the first word of the sentence or part of a proper noun (e.g. "Pacific Northwest region").
The word "Arctic" is capitalized.
Yes, "Heaven" should be capitalized in the middle of a sentence as it is a proper noun when referring to the place considered to be the dwelling of God and the angels in many religious traditions.
No, the word "mammogram" should not be capitalized within a sentence unless it is at the beginning of a sentence or part of a title.
When it is at the start of a sentence.
No it does not have to be.
No, the word after the end of a quotation is not capitalized unless it is a proper noun or the first word of a new sentence.
No, the word "fifteen" should not be capitalized in a date within a sentence unless it is the first word of the sentence.