No. There are no religious restrictions or religious requirements for any public office in the United States.
There is a basic legal principle in the US known as freedom of religion, which is guaranteed in the US constitution. As a result, any person living in the US or any person who wishes to come to the US is free to believe in and practice any religion; the government does not impose any religion on anybody, nor does it prohibit any religion. In short, yes, Muslims can and do come to the US. Lots of Muslims have done so.
yes
Not any more. There is a two term limit on the US. presidency
A: any
Most people in the US who profess any religion profess to be Christians. There are many denominations of Christianity in the US.
No, one of the requirements for presidency is that you must be born in the US.
No. The strict limits of 10-years of presidency maximum prevents this from being the case.
The US Presidency has essentially a two-term limit and is the only federal office with term limits. State governors have terms limits of various sorts in some states.
depends on which government the US government can't because of free speech and free right to practice your religion
No. There were no US Military actions during his presidency.
Yes, of course. There is nothing in the US constitution that requires the president to be of any particular religion - or to have any religion at all.
no