1) No.
2) Science, when mangled by lawyers, is seldom scientific.
All twelve.
12 minimum
for cause.
Most statements made by counsel can be considered by jurors as evidence. In some cases, the judge will instruct you whether you should listen and consider this as evidence or not.
Jurors are told to pay attention to the evidence, not discuss the case with anyone outside of court, and to be impartial.
Answer In a trial, a selected number of Jurors (mostly twelve) give a verdict on the basis of the evidence submitted in court
Evidence that is admissible if its is inflammatory and will have the effect of biasing jurors.
During deliberations, the jurors speak among themselves and discuss and debate the evidence and witness testimony and come to a reasoned conclusion on the verdict.
The process to convict a murderer is quite simple. You arrest him. You present the case to the grand jury to get an inditement. You then take the case to a trial jury where the lawyers present the facts of the case to the jurors. Then the lawyers present their interpretation of the facts to the jurors. Then the Judge reads the law to the Jurors. Then the Jurors deliberate and return with a verdict. If the jury finds the defendant guilty, the prisoner is convicted. Following that, the state will pay for 2 direct appeals and 5 collateral appeals plus a hearing for a pardon. In the process, a bunch of lawyers get rich on your tax dollar.
A false piece of evidence is called "planting" or "fabricating" evidence. It is when someone intentionally places fake evidence to mislead investigators or jurors.
Generally, all jurors must vote "guilty" to convict someone of a crime. However, some states have laws that create "exceptions". Some states allow "all but one" or "all but two" of the jurors to vote guilty, and allow the conviction to stand.
Only criminal matters taken to jury trial require unanimity. Civil matters are determined on a much lower standard of proof, the preponderance of evidence in the opinion of the majority of the jurors.