Lobes of the cereberal hemisphere and the landmark separating them?

Answer 1

The brain is split into two hemispheres, the left and right hemisphere.

They are separated by the longitudinal fissure which is a big fold through the center of the brain. the longitudinal fissure contains the corpus callosum which connects the two halves. the Corpus Callosum used to be cut to prevent seizures (split brain operation) but this no longer occurs.

LEFT HEMISPHERE

the left hemisphere controls:

speech

writing

reading

arithmetic

verbal memory

complex movement

language sounds

words

letters

RIGHT HEMISPHERE

the right hemisphere controls:

geometric patterns

faces

emotional expression

non-language sounds

music

tactual patterns

braille

movement in spatial patterns

non-verbal memory

emotional content

geometry

direction

distance

mental rotation of shapes

Both halves of the brain contain four separate lobes each:

FRONTAL LOBES (front area of the brain behind the forehead and accounts for about 20 percent of the cortex)

the frontal lobes are divided into four functionally distinct regions;

-primary motor area-

Controls all voluntary movement of all parts of the body.

Neurons in this area link directly to the spinal cord to control nerves in the peripheral nervous system that contract or relax muscles.

-premotor and supplementary motor areas-

These areas are thought to be involved in planning and selection.

Premotor area responds to external cues whereas supplementary area responds to internal cues.

-Prefrontal Cortex-

Receives sensory input from other lobes so it is considered part of the association cortex.

-Brocca's Area-

Small area that is involved in the production of speech

PARIETAL LOBES (on the crown of the head)

The parietal lobes are involved in such functions such as the sense of touch, detection of movement and the location of objects in the environment.

-primary somatosensory cortex-

receives information about touch and feelings on the skin

OCCIPITAL LOBES (at the back of the head)

the primary function of the occipital lobes is visual processing

-primary visual cortex-

the first part of the cortex to receive information from the retinas of the eyes.

TEMPORAL LOBES (around the ear and temple)

-primary auditory cortex-

region of the cortex where sound information from the inner ear is first received

-Wernicke's area-

involved in language comprehension

As you can see, there are many parts of the brain that can become very complicated when trying to describe and explain them. This is a VERY brief overview of some parts of the brain.

For more information or a different explanation search online or use the 'Heinemann Psychology Two' (second edition) which is what I use and which is also what I gained and simplified the information from.

-I hope this helps