Persian Empire
Persian Empire
The Spartan alliance dominated mainland Greece, while the cities in Asia Minor remained within the Persian empire without Athens; protection.
This depends on the time period. Today, Asia Minor is under Turkish control and the Holy Sites of the Monotheistic faiths are under Israeli and Palestinian control. The most recent empire to control both areas was the Ottoman Empire, which lost control of the Levant region in 1917.
Miletus in Asia Minor in 499 BCE.
Athens was a city-state which owned Attica - a territory in central-eastern Greece. In the second half of the 5th Century BCE it had an empire of 200 other city-states in Asia Minor and the Islands from which it extracted annual payments used to extend its own prosperity.
Some European countries would have controlled parts of Asia, but never all of it.
During the Peloponnesian War between Athens and its empire and the Peloponesian League led by Sparta, the Peloponnesian League received assistance from the Persian Empire which wanted to remove the intrusion of Athes into the Persian Empire via the Greek cities in Asia Minor which it had controlled. The defeat of Athens left these cities exposed and Persia was able to resume control of them and restore peace within its boundaries.
Sparta beat Athens with the help of the Persians. The Spartans sold land in Asia Minor so that they could build a navy with that navy they crushed Athens' navy and Athens surrendered.
The Roman empire.
Hundreds of Greek city-states from Sicily to Asia Minor - Athens and its allies and Sparta and its allies.
The Persian Empire did while it existed from 550-331 BCE.
Athens and Eretria sent contingents to support the Ionian Revolt of Greek cities in Asia Minor. They burnt the provincial capital of Sardis.