yes
They are closely related; sugars are carbohydrates, but not all carbohydrates are sugars.
Carbohydrates are related to life.
More often it's a sign of lactose (milk) intolerance. See the related link for info on celiac (gluten) disease.
Yes, carbohydrates contain calories. For more information about carbohydrates, see the related question, further down this page, listed under Related Questions.
A disease caused by lack of all macronutriets (carbohydrates, fats, and protein) is kwashiorkor. Symptoms include a swollen abdomen, cracking and scaly skin, and reddish hair. The mortality is about 60% and it also affects a person's physical and mental development.Another related disease is Marasmus. Marasmus is caused by a lack of protein. This is generally less severe than Kwashiorikor.
Sugar is one of the class of foods called carbohydrates. There are simple and complex carbohydrates, sugar is a simple one.
The human body's defense against disease is directly related to the immune system. The immune system is responsible for protecting the body from harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances. It does this by identifying and destroying these invaders to help keep the body healthy.
A Palaeolithic diet, when used as either a weight loss diet or a diet for treating diet related disease, is based on limiting carbohydrates rather than calories.
Lung Disease
Some foods seen as 'bad' carbohydrates are refined (processed) carbohydrates. For a list of refined (processed) carbohydrates see the page link, further down this page, listed under Related Questions.
They are both carbohydrates.