Yes!
It is because time is relative, and so the process of getting sucked into a Black Hole will be long enough for you to live your life before your body begins to disintegrate. In fact, even right now you are in the process of getting sucked into a Black Hole at the center of our galaxy. But it will take millions and millions of years for you to reach the point where you enter the Hole.
It purely depends on the intensity of the gravitational pull of the Black Hole. If it has infinite gravity, then it will take you infinite amount of time to reach it.
"Black hole", not "black whole". The reason massive stars turn into a black hole is because, once they run out of fuel (and no longer have the radiation pressure to keep them blown up), there is no force that can stop the gravitational collapse.
A black hole is not a vertebrate or an invertebrate. Those terms apply to animals. A black hole is not an animal, nor is it even alive.
You can't - that's the whole idea of a black hole. Don't get near a black hole in the first place.
no it only takes up the space of where the black hole was located
No. Once something enters a black hole it is trapped forever.
No. Once something enters a black hole it can never come out.
No. A black hole may be the remnant of the core of what was once a blue star, but the black hole itself is as black as anything can possibly be.
Once an object exits a black hole, it continues to move away from the black hole due to its momentum. The object may be altered by the extreme gravitational forces near the black hole, but it will no longer be trapped by its intense gravitational pull.
No. Once an object is pulled into a black hole, it is converted into gravitational energy.
Partially because when the universe was the size of a baseball the four principle forces were not yet separate, but one force. So there was no gravity to create a black hole, there was no strong force, weak force, or the force of electromagnetism.
Once anything crosses the black hole's event horizon it will not be able to escape.
Yes. That's basically the whole "point" of black holes.