8 bolts -5/8"by 3" machined bolt
With a tape measure.
Bolt holes are always clearance holes to allow for easy assembly and prevent binding or misalignment when inserting the bolt.
NPT = pipe Briggs standard = Pipe NFT and NFC and ASAE = bolt
It is used for lining up bolt holes on flanges. You hammer it in through the bolt holes and it lines the holes up. (Hopefully)
escape
To measure the ASA (American Standards Association) size of a pipe flange, you need to determine the nominal pipe size (NPS) and the flange's pressure class. Measure the outside diameter of the flange and the bolt circle diameter. Additionally, count the number of bolt holes and measure their diameter. These dimensions help identify the correct ASA flange standard for compatibility with piping systems.
It is called a Die. It looks like a nut that is used on a bolt. It is made from much harder steel and cuts the grooves in the pipe like the thread on a bolt. The same thing is used to cut the grooves on a bolt, a different size one for each size of pipe or bolt.
6 lug holes
No, the spacing between the bolt holes is often different.
some birds, sometimes bees, and squirrels, sometimes field mice
'Two-holing' a flange means letting the two top holes evenly straddle the centreline of the pipe flange is on. The main reason for doing this is to allow proper alignment of pipework and valves as the bolt holes on valves are configured the same way as described above - two top holes straddling the centreline.
Bolt holes were used in the trenchs to hide away from and bombs coming, the bolt hole werent so very big so it was a very cramped space.