Gen. A. S. Johnston was the southern general
Robert E. Lee
By defending Petersburg throughout a nine-month siege.
In 1865, after General Lee was unable to defend Richmond successfully, he sought to escape from the advancing Union forces by rushing west for a meet-up with troops under the command of General Johnston. Failing this, however, and being trapped by the Union troops commanded by General Grant, he arranged to surrender his force, thereby ending the campaign and, as it turned out, the Civil War as a whole.
General Sidney Johnston (no relation to Joseph E. Johnston), regarded as the best General in the South. He was killed in this battle.
Gen. A. S. Johnston was the southern general
When Confederate General Joseph Johnston withdrew his forces near Washington DC southwards to protect Richmond, one huge opportunity for General McClellan vanished. McClellan had hoped the Rebel army would remain north of Richmond. Had that happened two favorable elements of his campaign were ended. McClellan's plan was to have a chance to attack Johnston's forces from the rear and he also had the chance to place his army between the Rebel army and Richmond.
When General Lee was called to replace the wounded Joseph Johnston to stop the Union's Peninsula campaign, he left General Gustavus W. Smith to defend Richmond. Smith was ready having recovered from an illness in early June 1862.
Robert E. Lee
On May 21, 1862 Confederate President Jefferson Davis demanded the battle plans of Major General Joseph Johnston's defense of Richmond. Davis had realized that Johnston had no intentions of using the Peninsula as a base for his defensive operations against the Union forces on their way to assault Richmond. Finally, General Lee and Davis convinced Johnston to attack Union General McClellan's forces east of Richmond on the peninsula. Johnston's refusal, then reluctance to do so, would later become evident in the Atlanta campaign when Johnston would be replaced by John Bell Hood. Davis and Johnston would never get along with each other throughout the war.
During the Peninsula campaign the fighting for Richmond began at Fair Oaks. General Johnston was wounded during his attack on Union forces and was replaced by General Robert E. Lee.
By defending Petersburg throughout a nine-month siege.
On April 20, 1862, General George B. McClellan informed President Lincoln that Robert E. Lee was replacing the wounded General Johnston. McClellan also mentioned that this change was good for the Union as Lee was known to be weak and timid.
Sidney Johnston
When Confederate President Jefferson Davis had given General Albert S. Johnston command of the South's Western Theater, he and his generals mapped out a strategy for defending against Union forces. Their plan was to fortify Bowling Green which marked the center of his command territory. One important factor was the key rail and road junctions that crossed there. It was also the best defensible position. From that point Johnston believed he could cover Nashville, Tennessee and the southern lines of operation that extended from the Cumberland Gap to the Mississippi River.
Confederate President Jefferson Davis blamed the disaster at Fort Donelson on the commanding officer, Brigadier General John B. Floyd. Floyd never held a command again. Part of the blame however, can be placed on Confederate General Sidney Johnston. Floyd made the error of following Johnston's orders regarding defending against gunboats. Additionally, Johnston can be faulted for not having an experienced commander defend the fort. As it turned out, Johnston had an available commander suited to defending the fort in the person of Major General William J. Hardee.
To join forces with General Joseph E. Johnston in North Carolina. Sheridan headed him off.