Modern English comes immediately from Middle English, the language of Chaucer. That derived from Old English or Anglo-Saxon, the language of Beowulf. That language, little more than a Germanic dialect, derived from Common Germanic, the common language of all Germanic languages (Dutch, Friese, German, Scandinavian...).
The British (English) invented and evolved the English language, which is why it is called English. "What is your name?" is English as spoken in Britain.
The Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes were the major Germanic tribes who settled in England in the fifth century, bringing their Germanic language with them. The language they spoke evolved eventually into Anglo-Saxon, also called Old English.
The same way everything else got its name. It evolved as the language evolved over many centuries. In languages other than English it it not called fish. In France "fish" is "poisson"
Because most of the books are in English. That why it is called library language.
EARLY MODERN ENGLISH is what it is really called.
English
It evolved from the Old English word, "braegen." Because it called the brain
"Samanam" in Telugu language translates to "Equality" in English.
English is not "based" on any other language. Standard English is the surviving form of the Saxon dialect of Old English; Scots, also called Lallands or Doric, is the surviving form of the Anglic dialect.
Chaucer's language is called Middle English. It is the form of English spoken and written in England from about 1100 to 1500 AD.
It's called American English.
In the English language, your sister's husband is called your brother-in-law.