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The country of Canada, the Provinces and Territories are governed by theParliamentary system.
Too many powerful states, too close together. Jealous of each others empires. No system for negotiation. Long-standing rivalries and territory claims.
There are two main reasons for the beginning of WW11)The Alliance System that brought so many nations into it.2)The desire for all the Empires to maintain themselves.The CatalystA Bosnian terrorist group called The Black Hand Gang wanted Bosnia to cease to be part of the Austro-hungarian empire. When the Emperor went to Sarajevo in Bosnia A Serbian member of the Black hand, called Gavrilo Princip, assassinated the emperor.The Austro-Hungarian regime, fearing the fall of their empire from further attacks from freedom fighters, attacked Serbia.1)Germany had an alliance with Austria-Hungary so came to Austro-Hungarys aid.Russia had an allegiance with Serbia so came to Serbia's aid.France had an alliance with Russia so came to their aid against Germnay and Austro-Hungary.Germany, to engage France, had to go through Belgium. Belgium was an ally of Britain, so when Belgium's neutrality was violated then Britain got involved.2)The reason for the alliances? The wish for the empires to maintain themselves. So when threats came to their empires from terrorists or other empires they fought to defend them.If Serbia or Bosnia had been granted independence then Austro-Hungary would have had to grant independence to many of their other countries and would have lost their empire.The other empires forged alliances to make their empires strong and to ensure help if a threat was made to their empire.
There was no unitary government in the Middle East during this period. The Middle East could effectively be split into four general zones of governing authority: Ottoman Empire, Safavid and Qajjar Empires, Arab Sheikhdoms, and European Colonial Governates.Ottoman Empire: The Ottomans controlled the largest swath of the Middle East, including Anatolia, the Levant, Hejaz, and Mesopotamia. The Ottoman Empire was an Absolute Theocratic Monarchy based in Sunni Islam that ran affairs through a complex system of bureaucrats and officials in numerous provinces. The Ottomans were ethnically Turkish, which put them at odds with the people they ruled over (usually Arabs in the Middle East).Safavid and Qajjar Empires: The two Persian Empires controlled what is today Iran as well as some of the Caucasus Region and Afghanistan. The rulership was ethnically Persian and ruled through a mandates and declarations with a much less-developed bureaucracy and more intense theocratic mantle. The empires were Shiite Muslim and actively persecuted all non-Shiites within their borders.Arab Sheikhdoms: The Arabian Peninsula had an impressive number of Absolute Monarchs (such as those who rule various Emirates like Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Qatar, those who rule Kingdoms like Saudi Arabia and Bahrain, and those who rule Sultanates like Oman). These Arab monarchs control their people through direct edicts and typically run a nepotistic government. They were far less powerful or expansive than the above empires and traditionally competed more with each other than with the larger empires.European Colonial Governates: This prevails more in Egypt prior to 1900 than anywhere else. The Britons used indirect colonial rule to support the Khedivite Turks in bringing about Pro-British policy. The country was governed by British governors in concert with these local rulers, creating intense enmity between the conqueror and the conquered.
the sugar fresh system
a period of peace and economic prosperity
Before the Mongol invasion, Chinese officials were selected through civil service exams. After the invasion, this system was eliminated.
Justinian code
APEX: the answer is- The Russian serf system arose as peasants fled to the protection of large landowners to avoid Mongol taxes.
one third
The Administrative Office of the United States Courts
Barter
Genghis Khan helped his country by establishing a centralized government and creating a unified Mongol Empire. He implemented various administrative reforms, such as a merit-based system and religious tolerance, which helped stabilize and develop the empire. His military prowess and strategic vision also enabled the Mongols to conquer vast territories and establish trade routes, leading to economic growth and cultural exchange.
Barter
Barter
Barter
Columbia River