Persia.
Iran
Iran. Do NOT confuse with IRAQ , which is an adjacent nation, with a common border with IRAN.
B. Brazil
Lack of communication throughout the empire/society/etc. would definetely be one of the major difficulties to taking control of a large empire/society/etc. Another would be travel. "How would they get around?" would be a good question for that. Simple difficulties such as these can lead to the fall or decline of an empire,nation,etc.
Persia.
Nationalism is a modern concept arising from the formation of Nation-States in the 19th Century BCE. The Persian Empire comprised a mix of tribes, principalities and petty kingdoms and city-states under Persian provincial governors and a central king and his council.
Iran
An empire based on little capitalists (the small landholding farmers and shepherds).
The Persian Empire......I believe the Hakhamaneshian and Sassanid Dynasties.
Turkey
At the height of the Russian Empire's power, the Russian Empire included:Modern RussiaUkraineBelarusMoldovaFinlandArmeniaAzerbaijanGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanTajikistanTurkmenistanUzbekistanLithuaniaEstoniaLatviaPolandPlease note that Russia didn't possess all the modern territory of each nation, but the Russian Empire included most of their territory. Russia also owned Alaska and other North American settlements.
He followed his assassinated father Philip's plan to take over the Persian Empire.
Iran. Do NOT confuse with IRAQ , which is an adjacent nation, with a common border with IRAN.
The first modern Persian Empire was the Safavid Empire in 1501 and Iran has remained more-or-less independent since then, but Iran has been the center of numerous other empires that may not have been headquartered within Iran's boundaries.
Being a larger multi-ethnic empire such as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, or Imperial Russia
Qatar is the nation that extends into the Persian Gulf.