Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Yes they can. Famous ones are Plasmodium the agent of Malaria or trypanosoma species the agents of sleeping illness or chagsa disease
no
a small organelle a small loop of DNA a prokaryotic ribosome a prokaryotic membrane
Electron transfer (ET) occurs when an electron moves from an atom or a chemical species (e.g. a molecule) to another atom or chemical species. ET is a mechanistic description of the thermodynamic concept of redox, wherein the oxidation states of both reaction partners change.
Horizontal and vertical gene transfers are the terms to account for the transfer of genes between organisms. Horizontal (HGT) or (LGT) transfer happens when non-traditional reproduction effectuates the transfer whereas vertical transfer (VGT) occurs when asexual or sexual reproduction effectuates the genetic movement from parents to offspring.
There is a structure called a plasmid which can do this; it is bacterial in origin.
You would be actually transferring a set of codes expressed as codons that will form the gene. You would be cutting one gene from a chromosome and inserting it in to another chromosome. This is called lateral gene transfer. You would use an intermediate such as a plasmid or virus to complete this transfer. Vertical gene transfer is another name for the genes that a parent passes to their offspring.
a plant pathogen, causing reed needles of species af Abies
Upon engulfment of a pathogen macrophages will destroy the pathogen in the phagolysosome. This is accomplished through a variety of enzymes as well as the use of reactive oxygen species (free radicals), which are used to produce bleach. Macrophages can then break down the proteins of the pathogen and present them as antigens to T cells, although dendritic cells are much better at this last part.
The hepatitis B illness is caused by the hepatitis B virus, a species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus.
Inter-species gene transfer.
Yes they can. Famous ones are Plasmodium the agent of Malaria or trypanosoma species the agents of sleeping illness or chagsa disease
To frustrate parasites. A monoclonal culture is open to devastation to the first good pathogen.
Mechanical transmission does not involove any infection of the transmitter. The pathogen does not grow or multiply inside the transmitter and no intermediat developement of the pathogen occurs until it is transmitted to host by the transmitter. Biological transmission does include developement of the pathogen inside the transmitter species.
The advantage is that if there is a change in the environment - climate change, new pathogen, etc. - more diversity makes it much more likely that some members of the species survive.
The Ebola virus is the actual name of the pathogen that causes Ebola. Yes, it is a virulent pathogen, but that is to the name, just a description.
Moniliasis is typically caused by Candida albicans, but may be caused by other candida species like C. glabrata.