The angle between the geographic and magnetic poles extends more towards the east, as you move to the north. The magnetic pole is actually near Greenland.
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Magnetic declination
magnetic variation
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the magnetic declination
An ordinary magnetic compass points to magnetic north, not to true north. If the difference between the two directions is large and not accounted for, you can get lost.
Assuming the subject is magnetic declination the difference between the north pole and the true north pole this difference, is the magnetic declination, there is not information on what purpose it serves.
Since the Earth's magnetic poles are not located at the geographic poles, a magnetic compass doesn't point to 'true' (geographic) north. The DIFFERENCE angle between magnetic north and true north is the magnetic variation or declination where you are. It changes for different locations.
Magnetic declination
magnetic variation
Magnetic declination or variation.
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Unlike the geographic poles, which are always in the same place, the magnetic poles change location throughout the history of earth. So when using a compass to map or explore the Earth's surface, you need to make a correction for the difference between geographic nor and magnetic north.
The angle between the geographic and magnetic poles extends more towards the east, as you move to the north. The magnetic pole is actually near Greenland.
It is measured exactly the same in the Southern hemisphere (no difference between the two hemispheres). It is the difference between magnetic north and true north and it varies all over the globe. Magnetic declination (also called magnetic variation) is positive when magnetic north is east of true north (clockwise) and it is negative when magnetic north is west of true north (anti-clockwise).
That's the "magnetic declination". Since the true north pole and the magnetic north pole are located at different points on the earth, the declination is a different angle in different places on earth.
The angle between the direction your compass points and the direction you're facing is the 'magnetic azimuth'. The angle between the direction to the north pole and the direction you're facing is the 'true azimuth'. They are virtually never the same angle. The difference between them is the 'magnetic declination' or the 'compass declination' in the place where you are at in which.