The first European settlement in Australia was a penal colony.
The surviving colony of Roanoke was not the first colony. The settlement of Jamestown was the first successful European settlement.
Virginia Colony, first North American European settlement if I remember correctly.
Portugal was the first European country to set up a colony in Africa. Portugal landed on Africa's Gold Coast in 1471 and built the Castle of Elmina, becoming the first European settlement.
The Roman Empire created a trade system with India. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Portugal was the first European country to make a settlement in India.
The Spanish colony of St. Augustine in present-day Florida
France.
The first Permanent settlement is St. Augustine FL, however... the first settlement in the US is Pensacola, FL.
Jamestown was the first successful European settlement in North America, in 1607. There was no clear leader of the colony and many quarrels ensued. In 1608, John Smith was elected leader of the colony and established firm rules.
There was no United States when the first colony began. Plymouth colony was the first permanent colony in 1620. Jamestown came before men looking for gold while Plymouth was families and planned to stay.
Haiti, a French colony.
Spain, in 1500s. St. Augustine was the first permanent European settlement in North America. Spain lost the colony to Britain in 1763 but regained it after the American Revolution.
the first permanent european settlement in the present-day us is Alaska