By the emission of the terrestrial radiation. Terrestrial radiation is emitted in the infrared long-wavelength part of the spectrum. It is terrestrial radiation rather than solar radiation that directly warms the lower atmosphere.
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No, the good ozone is present in the stratosphere region of the atmosphere. The one located in the lower atmosphere is bad.
Wind
we are walking on
It's warmed from the surface. Shortwave radiation passes through the atmosphere, or at least about half of it, where it reaches the ground and is absorbed. The ground re-emits it at a longer wavelength, thereby warming the lower atmosphere.
A small part of the heating of the atmosphere is directly from the sun. A lot of heating near the surface is done through conduction from land or water that has been warmed by the sun.
Air pressure tends to increase as air gets lower in the atmosphere simply because the lower the air is, the more air there is on top of it, and that's what causes air pressure, the weight of the air. And when air is under more pressure, it naturally gets compressed. Air also tends to be warmed by proximity to the ground because it is the ground that is warmed by sunlight. Sunlight does not warm air directly since air is transparent (at least in the visible wavelengths).
The suns energy
Warm front
decreases i think
thermosphere
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