The Hull is the body of the ship
The hull is the outside part that is in contact with the water. It holds back the water so that the ship floats.
It is humid.
A ship floats in water as, after it displaces its weight, the level of water outside the hull is not high enough to pour over the gunnels (walls) of the ship and flood the inside of the hull.
Slaves would go to the bathroom outside of the ship and into the water.
Mast
The forestay.
Possibilities include it arriving at low tide and the water in the cove would not be deep enough for its draft.
Do you mean the plimsoll line then if so it's found on the outside of a ship to determine the water line.
water
Such a ship is called a privateer, like a pirate ship except that it holds a license to attack enemy ships.
rum
The water that the hull in ship displaces is way more heavier than the hull itself, so the water surface holds the ship floating... If you had a bowling ball made of hull-material it would sink anyway.. What it does that the ship floats is the amount of displaced water, which in weight is going to be higher than the floating object's weight itself...