The principles of plates tectonics.
The theory of plate tectonics.
The surface feature above the mantle plume is known as the "hotspot".
The sometimes magnesium rich Mohorovičić discontinuity, which often is called simply 'Moho', forms the boundary between the basalt rich crust and the planet's underlying, iron rich mantle.
A rising plume of liquid rock (also known as magma) can reach the surface from the underlying mantle. There are also volcanoes which explode due to the pressure of water vapor, when porous rocks contain water, and these rocks are heated by magma. Those are called boiler volcanoes.
Drum roll please...The Crust!
The largest layer of the Earth's surface is the mantle.
A series of processes on Earth's surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another is called
What brings material from the Mantle to the Earth's Surface is rock...
lithoshpere
the mantle
A liquid rock is called magma when it is beneath the Earth's surface and lava when it reaches the surface through volcanic activity.
The lithosphere, part crust and part rigid upper mantle, floats on the asthenosphere.