Force
Yes
Electrical forces cancel each other out over large ditances as charges neutralize each other; gravitational forces accumulate over large distances as mass aggregates.
The gravitational attraction between two masses depends on the product of the masses. If either mass increases, then the product increases, and so does the strength of the forces between them.
Because it's both massive and close by. Newton's law of gravitation states that gravity becomes stronger the more massive the object, and the closer it is.
The gravitational forces between two objects act in both directions along the line between their centers of mass. In our daily experience, where one of the objects is always the Earth, we call one of those directions "down" and, as relates to the forces of gravity, we ignore the other direction completely.
Force
This force is called gravity, and it is responsible for the attraction between objects with mass. It follows the law of universal gravitation, where the force is proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects.
Yes, when two objects collide, they exert forces on each other that can change their velocities and momenta according to the principle of conservation of momentum. Depending on the type of collision (elastic vs inelastic), the total momentum before and after the collision may remain constant.
Electrostatic attraction or repulsion, magnetic attraction or repulsion, gravitational attraction.
The objects exert action-reaction forces on each other. When pushing against an object like a wall with your hands or paddling a canoe, the object exerts an equal and opposite force back on you. This is known as Newton's Third Law of Motion.
There are four fundamental forces in our universe that dictate how matter and energy interact. One of the forces, gravity, causes anything with mass, i.e. anything made of atoms, to attract other massive objects. Gravity is the weakest of the four forces and is one of the most difficult to explain.
The Earth exerts the greatest gravitational force on you because it is the most massive object you are closest to. The Earth exerts a force equal to your weight. The other objects exert gravitational forces but are not very noticeable because they are either low in mass or separated from you by great distance.
Yes
Gravity is the force of attraction that all objects with mass exert on each other. It is responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the sun and objects on Earth's surface, among other phenomena.
action and reaction forces
That would be "Gravity".
yes. same forces repel each other and opposite forces attract.