Saint Felix III(483 - 492) is the most common answer, but there is no known one answer.
The so-called Holy Roman Empire was a medieval kingdom of central Europe. The Pope crowned the first "emperor" Charlemagne. It went from a Frankish kingdom to a Germanic one.
Medieval Europe, not just the bishops, followed Christianity, in the form of the Catholic religion, those head was the Roman Pope.
The first Pope who started (and ended) his Pontificate in the 1300s was Pope Benedict XI.
If you are talking about Pope Benedict XVI, then the pope before him was Pope John Paul II
Pope Innocent III was the most powerful pope of Medieval times.
Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III in 800. He would be the first person in the west to bear this title since the deposition of the last Roman Emperor Romulus Augustus in 476.
Do you mean The Pope
Prior to Benedict XVI in 2013, it was the year 1415, when Pope Gregory XII resigned..AnswerNever. A Catholic (It's just Catholic, not Roman Catholic. Roman is an epithet first commonly used in England after the protestant revolt to describe the Catholic Church. It is never used by the official Catholic Church.) Pope can not retire. The few pope that have renounced the papacy have RENOUNCED it, not retired. Pope Gregory XII, above was the last pope to renounce the papacy, before that it was Pope St. Celestine V who renounced the papacy in 1294.
If you mean Italian/Roman, then No, as this current Pope is German and the last was Polish. Many others were Italian. All are the head of the Roman Catholic Church regardless of nationality.
Charlemagne
From St. Peter to Pope Francis I there have been 266 popes.
First, who are you referring to as the "new roman emperor"?