Technology
The LXI H200H is a high-performance machine designed for various applications, including industrial automation and robotics. It typically operates using a cycle-based system, where machine cycles refer to the basic operational units that the machine performs to execute tasks. Each cycle involves processing instructions, moving components, or completing specific operations, and the efficiency of these cycles directly impacts the machine's overall performance and productivity. Understanding the machine cycles is essential for optimizing operations and ensuring reliable performance.
RET instruction needs 3 machine cycles. One to fetch and decode the instruction(4 T states), and two more machine cycles(i.e. 2*3=6 T states) to read two bytes from the stack(stack is exterior to microprocessor, stack is in R/W memory, so to exchange data with stack needs machine cycles). Thus, RET instruction needs total 3 machine cycles and 10 T-states.
Depending on the particular microprocessor, a machine cycle is the fetch or store of one (typically, one byte) native word. In the 8085, this is a byte fetch or store, plus the overhead in decoding and processing the instruction. In this case, the first machine cycle is four clock cycles, or T states, and subsequent machine cycles are three clock cycles, although certain instruction sequences, such as DAD, require two extra clock cycles.
the clock oscillator and machine cycle state machine, it may take multiple clock cycles per machine cycle.
an instruction cycle may consist of a number of machine cycles.
12
The function of a washer solenoid valve in a washing machine is to control the flow of water into the machine during the wash and rinse cycles. The valve opens and closes based on signals from the washing machine's control system, allowing water to enter the machine when needed and shutting off the flow when the desired water level is reached.
In a modern washing machine, the wash, rinse and spin cycles are controlled by special purpose (embedded) computers.
It was based on the moon's rotation around the earth. The year therefore consisted of twelve moon cycles, which is roughly 40 days less than the sun-year we use today.
gigahertz
The instruction IN 84H in the 8085 microprocessor requires 5 machine cycles to complete. This includes 1 opcode fetch cycle and 4 memory read cycles. The opcode fetch retrieves the instruction from memory, while the read cycles are used to read the data from the specified input port.
Computers in the 1950s were much slower compared to modern computers. They had processing speeds measured in kilohertz (thousands of cycles per second) or even less, whereas today's computers commonly operate in gigahertz (billions of cycles per second). The average processing power was limited by the technology of the time, with rudimentary transistor-based machines that were much less powerful than today's silicon-based processors.