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The modern CPU (typically inside a microprocessor IC) is built of billions of transistors (typically complementary MOSFETs). The CPUs of the late 1960s were built of tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of transistors inside several hundred MSI ICs (typical silicon NPN BJTs). The CPUs of the late 1950s to early 1960s were built of thousands to tens of thousands of discrete transistors (typically germanium BJTs, gradually transitioning silicon BJTs). The CPUs of the early 1950s did not use transistors, they were built of hundreds to tens of thousands of vacuum tubes.
It is called a hard drive.
The 8086 CPU is a massive control unit itself. There are millions of transistors and other components and to give a circuit diagram would take thousands and thousands of pages. The copyright of the design belongs to Intel and it is illegal to publish it anyway.
The CPU is what "thinks" about everything.
Because registers are where all the actual work is done by the CPU. Think of registers as being a bank of switches which can be configured so the CPU can perform a specific operation upon a specific set of operands, be they values or memory addresses where values can be found. Some operations have no operands while others have one or two, but in order for the CPU to know which operation and which operands it should operate upon the registers must be set accordingly. The CPU achieves this through a repeating fetch-decode-execute cycle, fetching the next instruction, decoding its operands and then executing the instruction. In a multi-threaded environment, the CPU must also save the state of the registers to allow another thread to restore those registers for itself. In this way, a single CPU can switch from one thread to another and pick up from exactly where it left off.
essentially a switch controlled by an electrical current
In a microprocessor, field-effect transistors behave as electrically-controlled switches.
Yes it is!
A CPU works off of DC voltage. If you monitor the current draw of a CPU, it will likely not be DC, since a modern CPU is a CMOS design, current is only drawn when transistors are switched (ignoring the small leakage current). This is why overclocking (forcing the transistors to switch faster) can cause the CPU to overheat, and why "power save" mode on a laptop sometimes slows down the processor speed.
4billion
Inside the CPU (central processing unit).
The modern CPU (typically inside a microprocessor IC) is built of billions of transistors (typically complementary MOSFETs). The CPUs of the late 1960s were built of tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of transistors inside several hundred MSI ICs (typical silicon NPN BJTs). The CPUs of the late 1950s to early 1960s were built of thousands to tens of thousands of discrete transistors (typically germanium BJTs, gradually transitioning silicon BJTs). The CPUs of the early 1950s did not use transistors, they were built of hundreds to tens of thousands of vacuum tubes.
Moore's Law. And it's actually 12 months, now. But yes, the original theory was that the overall number of transistors on a CPU die would double every year and a half. The correction to Moore's Law is influenced, among other things, also by the reduction in size of the dies and the transistors themselves.
on the order of a billion
The CPU is housed on a silicon chip that contains millions of switches and circuits. It has millions of Transistors
If your still looking for the answer it is essentially a switch controlled by an electrical current.
Yes, today's computers use transistors and microprocessors. Smaller transistors subset the amount of RAM that is local to the CPU at any given moment.