They happened, but no immunosuppressants were available. So the transplants generally failed. Here's a timeline:
http://www.wellcomecollection.org/whats-on/events/in-or-out/transplant-timeline.aspx
why were transplants between 1800 and 1950 not successful?
Transplant "rejection" was not understood until after 1950.
nipples
what is the develoment betwen transplant in1800and1950
Liver and kidney
Liver and kidneys.
Transplant rejection was not understood until the 1950s.
well if you meen unsuccessful by living only a week or so then yes
Kidney and liver are the two most commonly transplanted organs (excluding those which happened before 1950)
Back then, they didn't have the same technologies that we have today. They didn't know how to prevent rejection, for example.
Kidney transplants, followed by liver transplants, are most common.
Transplants between 1800 and 1950 were not very successful, this is because there was not things like tissue typing and immunosuppressive drugs available, these are important because tissue typing test that the tissue is compatible with the body it will be transplanted to, and immunosuppressive drugs destroy the immune system so that the antiboddies wont destroy the new organ.