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Rapid environmental change results in rapid evolutionary change (as long as it doesn't occur too fast, in which case the organsisms will simply die out).

Also the disappearance of the dominant organisms (eg dinosaurs) leaves an empty space in the ecosystem and the remaining organisms will evolve quickly to fill it.

Finally, the release of an animal into a new environment or a domesticated animal into a natural environment results in rapid evolution. Two examples are cane toads in Northern Australia which have evolved longer legs so they can travel further and feral cats in Australia reverting back to their natural state (insanely big and evil-looking) in just 4 generations.

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15y ago

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