For a mutation to affect evolution it must occur in the dominant allele. This allele is what is passed on.
somatic cells
diploid cell
Variation must exist.
Variation must exist
All organisms must reproduce.
Without heredity what use would there be to selection and why evolution? Just take beneficial mutations in the germ line for example. No heredity and nothing to enter the populations gene pool and no evolution. No heredity and there would be no variation in populations and the first environmental challenge would carry your population to extinction.
Evolution has two key driving forces without which it would not occur, but with which it must occur: The first is reproductive variation: this basically asserts that each organism is slightly different from both its parents and its siblings. The second is differential reproductive success: this asserts that features that allow their bearers to reproduce more successfully than members of the same species with different features are likely to be present in a greater part of the population in coming generations. In other words: the key driving forces behind evolution are variation and selection.
Mutation cannot occur. Apex
DICKSPLASH
In the gametes (e.g. sperm or egg)
Variation must exist
Variation must exist.
A genetic mutation within the population.
All organisms must reproduce.
Without heredity what use would there be to selection and why evolution? Just take beneficial mutations in the germ line for example. No heredity and nothing to enter the populations gene pool and no evolution. No heredity and there would be no variation in populations and the first environmental challenge would carry your population to extinction.
Climate change is a good example of an environmental factor that will certainly affect the way populations evolve.
Evolution is the change of allele frequency in a population of organisms. So, for a characteristic to affect evolution it must be heritable, genetically so, it must be selected for, or be the result of recombination processes and it must be in the germ line where it is passed to future generation of, hopefully, reproductively successful organisms who leave enough decedents to change the allele frequency in the populations gene pool over time.
A simple coevolution explanation here. A population of rabbits that is running faster, on average, over time is going to affect the population of foxes that pursue the rabbits as food. Some foxes will have variations that lead to faster running and these foxes will be the ones that are reproductively successful and give rise to following generations of foxes.
A synonymous polymorphism is where a mutation alters the base in the DNA sequence but doesn't alter the amino acid encoded (due to the redundancy of the genetic code). Typically, for it to be classified as a polymorphism (as opposed to a mutation) it must occur in greater than 1% of the population.