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The Roman Empire was not 'Christian" when Constantine became Emperor. He also wasn't a Christian himself at the time and he would only have himself baptized very shortly before his death, 30 years later.
During his reign he was a supporter of the Christian faith AND of the faith that venerated Sol Invictus ('the invincible Sun') as the supreme power, but he never declared Rome a 'Christian' empire. All through his reign (and that of his son) Rome would remain an Empire where all religions, Christian and non-Christian, were practised and tolerated.
It was only 50 years after Constantine's death that the Emperor Theodosius declared Christianity Rome's official State religion.
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