No, this was the name of an area.
He was of the tribe of Judah.
David was from the tribe of Judah.
The tribe of Judah was the largest of the twelve tribes of Israel. This tribe was known for its leadership and prominence in the kingdom of Israel.
The tribe of Asher used to live on the west upper Galile. Asher tribe did not had a color, but they had a symbol-Olive Tree
Judah
Benjamin.
There is not one "tribe of Israel" but rather twelve Israelite Tribes, designated by the names of Jacob's sons from whom each claim to descend.
The levis were one tribe in Israel , they were the priestly tribe only.
Moses was a descendant of the tribe of Levi (Moses was a Levite).
The Tribe of Ephraim (Numbers 11:28 and 13:8)
Leviticus derived from the Tribe of Levi.
The answer is found in Philippians 3:5 which reads ....."of the stock of Israel, ofthe tribe of Benjamin".........Your question asks - "what.... was he named after": Paul wasn't named after the tribe of Benjamin, he was a descendant of that tribe, one of the 12 tribes of Israel.