No
Muzzle loading flintlocks. Most were smoothbore, a few were rifled.
The Royal Navy began phasing out smoothbore cannons in the mid-19th century, transitioning to rifled artillery for improved accuracy and range. By the 1870s, smoothbore cannons were largely obsolete in naval warfare, replaced by rifled guns and breech-loading artillery. The complete abandonment of smoothbores occurred as advancements in naval technology and armaments continued into the late 19th century.
The term "rifle" means that the inside of the barrel (also called the bore) has spiral lines engraved in it. These spiral grooves are known as rifling- they cause the bullet to spin when fired, causing it to travel straight. If a firearm has no rifling, then it is a smoothbore- and may be called a musket or a shotgun. So- some muzzle loading firearms- such as the Brown Bess Musket from the 1700s- ARE smoothbore- but they are not rifles. A muzzle loader like the .50 Hawken I hunt with IS rifled, and not a smoothbore. There is a neat little article on this at the link below:
During the loading or reloading process after the projectile is fitted to the casing the casing area that is holding the bullet ( the neck) is mechanically squeezed to provide a tight seal around the lead projectile.
Indefinitiely as long as you don't damage the projectile
In the early days of muzzle loading firearms, rifled guns took longer to reload than smoothbore guns, and could fire only a few shots before they HAD to be cleaned.
It is an assembly consisting of the cartridge case, gunpowder, a primer and a projectile (bullet). It is one complete round of ammunition. Early muzzle loading firearms did not use them.
During the Victorian era, the British Army primarily used rifled muskets like the Enfield Pattern 1853, which improved accuracy and range. For artillery, they employed the Armstrong gun, a rifled breech-loading cannon, and the older muzzle-loading smoothbore cannons like the 32-pounder. The era also saw the introduction of machine guns, notably the Gatling gun towards the late Victorian period. These advancements marked a significant evolution in military technology and tactics during the time.
Patrick Ferguson invented the rifle to improve the accuracy and range of firearms used in warfare. His design, which featured a rifled barrel and a breech-loading mechanism, allowed soldiers to engage targets more effectively than with traditional smoothbore muskets. Ferguson aimed to enhance military efficiency and effectiveness on the battlefield, especially during the American Revolutionary War. His innovations laid the groundwork for modern rifle design.
The rate of fire of a smoothbore musket typically ranged from 2 to 3 rounds per minute for an experienced soldier. Factors such as the soldier's training, the type of ammunition used, and environmental conditions could influence this rate. With practice, some soldiers could achieve up to 4 rounds per minute, but achieving higher rates consistently was challenging due to the manual loading process.
Rifles, with their grooved barrels, offer greater accuracy and range compared to muskets, allowing for more precise shooting at longer distances. They typically have a slower rate of fire due to the need for individual loading of bullets and powder. Muskets, while less accurate, can be loaded faster and were often used in mass formations, which made them effective in close combat. However, their smoothbore design limited their effective range and precision.
A .54 bullet being about .540" diameter will fit and will shoot from a .58 caliber (.580" diameter) gun but wouldrequire a sabot or a great deal of patch material to be even slightly accurate. The bullet needs to be in contact with the rifling of the barrel either directly or via the patch or sabot, to impart the spin on the bullet that gives it accuracy, and to seal the explosion behind the projectile to give it velocity. There are sabots available from most muzzle loading supply retailers that would solve this and give you a viable projectile.