The dry adiabatic lapse rate (La)* on Venus is about 10.47K/km, and is similar to that of Earth. This is because the La is governed specific heat (Cp) of the atmospheric gasses and the planet's gravity (g). Specific heat (Cp) is the amount of heat energy in Joules required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of substance by 1 Kelvin. The equation is quite simple. La = g/Cp For Earth: Cp = 1.004 J/kg/K, g = 9.8 m/s2 Earth La = 9.76 K/km For Venus: Cp = 0.85 J/kg/K, g = 8.9 m/s2 Venus La = 10.47 K/km For Mars: Cp = 0.83 J/kg/K, g = 3.7 m/s2 Mars La = 4.50 K/km http://pds-atmospheres.nmsu.edu/education_and_outreach/encyclopedia/adiabatic_lapse_rate.htm The symbol for lapse rate is actually an upside-down L, but I don't know how to do scientific symbols on this browser.
More commonly the "moist adiabatic lapse rate", it is the rate at which a parcel of air rises when it is saturated with moisture. Adiabatic means there is no exchange of heat with its surroundings, so the parcel only cools because the pressure is decreasing as it rises. This rate varies with temperature, but a good middle ground would be about 5 C per kilometer. This is considerably less than the dry rate because in order for the air to cool when completely saturated, it must condense some of its moisture. Condensation releases latent heat which warms the surrounding air, reducing the amount by which it will cool.
A special process lapse rate of temperature, defined as the rate of decrease of temperature with height of a parcel of dry air lifted adiabatically through an atmosphere in hydrostatic equilibrium. Also known as adiabatic lapse rate; adiabatic rate.
calculation example
When environmental lapse rate is more than dry adiabatic lapse rate, the atmosphere is said to be in
There are two types of adiabatic lapse rates...wet and dry. (wet is also referred to as saturated or moist) To the extent that the cloudiness your question refers to represents saturated air, then no, the wet adiabatic lapse rate would be lower (approximately 1.5C/1000') than the dry adiabatic lapse rate (approximately 3C/1000').
Then the air is called "stable" because a parcel of air from the surface lifted upward will drop in temperature at the dry adiabatic lapse rate. If the environmental lapse rate is less, then the lifted air will be cooler and more dense than the surrounding air, and thus stop moving upward through the atmosphere.
An adiabiatic lapse rate is the rate of the decrease of temperature with height of a parcel of dry air lifted upward through the atmosphere with no addition or deletion of heat.
Air that is rising at the dry adiabatic rate can simply cool at the rate at which the decreasing pressure forces it to. Once it cools to its dew point at the lifting condensation level, it must condense some of its moisture in order to cool anymore (it is already saturated at this point). Condensation is a process that releases latent heat into the atmosphere, warming the air. Therefore, this heat released counteracts some of the adiabatic cooling that continues to take place as the air rises, and the net effect is a rate of cooling that is reduced. This is the saturated (or moist) adiabatic lapse rate.
When environmental lapse rate is more than dry adiabatic lapse rate, the atmosphere is said to be in
There are two types of adiabatic lapse rates...wet and dry. (wet is also referred to as saturated or moist) To the extent that the cloudiness your question refers to represents saturated air, then no, the wet adiabatic lapse rate would be lower (approximately 1.5C/1000') than the dry adiabatic lapse rate (approximately 3C/1000').
They are called conditionally unstable,
environmental lapse rate involves the actual temperature of the atmosphere at various heights. adiabatic cooling is the cooling of air caused when air is not allowed to expand or compress.
The rate at which adiabatic cooling occurs with increasing altitude for wet air (air containing clouds or other visible forms of moisture) is called the wet adiabatic lapse rate, the moist adiabatic lapse rate, or the saturated adiabatic lapse rate.
Then the air is called "stable" because a parcel of air from the surface lifted upward will drop in temperature at the dry adiabatic lapse rate. If the environmental lapse rate is less, then the lifted air will be cooler and more dense than the surrounding air, and thus stop moving upward through the atmosphere.
Absolutely Stable Air
less than the wet adiabatic rate.
According to scientist Beethoven Salazar he said it was the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
As I recall from flight school, the adiabatic lapse rate is 4.5oF per 1000 feet.
An adiabiatic lapse rate is the rate of the decrease of temperature with height of a parcel of dry air lifted upward through the atmosphere with no addition or deletion of heat.
Air that is rising at the dry adiabatic rate can simply cool at the rate at which the decreasing pressure forces it to. Once it cools to its dew point at the lifting condensation level, it must condense some of its moisture in order to cool anymore (it is already saturated at this point). Condensation is a process that releases latent heat into the atmosphere, warming the air. Therefore, this heat released counteracts some of the adiabatic cooling that continues to take place as the air rises, and the net effect is a rate of cooling that is reduced. This is the saturated (or moist) adiabatic lapse rate.