Loss of organic matter, desertification, erosion, alkinity
Soil can be classified based on texture (sand, silt, clay), structure (arrangement of soil particles), color, and pH level (acidity or alkalinity). These classifications help determine the soil’s fertility, drainage ability, and suitability for different plant types.
The four components of good quality soil are minerals (sand, silt, clay), organic matter (humus), air, and water. These components contribute to the soil's fertility, structure, drainage, and ability to support plant growth.
sunlight water soil and food
climatic factor which are 1.rainfall 2.temperature 3.wind 4.relative humidity 5.radiant energy. Biotic factor which are 1.soil organisms 2.pest 3.parasites 4.diseases 5.weeds 6.predators 7.human activities Edaphic factors which are are 1.soil ph 2.soil texture 3.soil structure 4.topography 5.soil fertility 6.soil types
Mad About You - 1992 Fertility 4-14 is rated/received certificates of: Argentina:Atp
1. Bugs 2. Worms 3. Ants 4. Spiders
indigenous technology has a number of advantages..... 1 helpful for farmers 2 good production of crops 3 increased fertility of soil 4 rise in quantity and quality of food
1) soil texture 2) soil structure 3) soil compaction 4) soil organic matter 5) soil chemistry 6) soil fertility 7) soil horizons 8) soil temperature 9) soil moisture 10) soil pH 11) soil color Soils have always been classified in various ways by geographers and soil scientists. In 1974 the united nations introduce the "FAO World Soil Classification". In 1998 thisFAO system was replaced by the "World Reference Base for Soil Resources", which introduced new classifications (deleting old favourites like "podzols").
1) Deserts 2) Cold 3) Bad Soil 4) Non- Sunny Places
1:Convenience 2:Sun 3:Drainage 4:Soil type
Deforestation: Clearing forests for agriculture or development exposes soil to erosion and degradation. Overgrazing: Too many animals grazing in an area can lead to soil compaction and loss of vegetation, which exposes soil to erosion. Intensive farming: Practices like monocropping, excessive tilling, and heavy pesticide use can degrade soil health and fertility. Urbanization: Construction and development activities can lead to soil compaction, contamination, and loss of natural vegetation cover.
Some of the characteristics of mountain soil are: 1. Dark brown/black in colour 2. It is rich in humus 3. It has comparatively high fertility 4. It is acidic in nature