You have the atrioventricular valves that are the valves separating each atrium from the ventricles. The right AV valve is the tricuspid valve, while the left AV valve is the bicuspid/mitral valve. There are also two valves that lead from the heart to the pulmonary and aortic arteries. These are the pulmonary and aortic valves. They are both semilunar valves because of their shape.
The AV node prevents backflow into the atria when the ventricles are contracting. When an AV node is not functioning properly, the same blood could be re-pumped over and over because the valve has not closed properly and the blood backflows. A mechanical valve, a pig or cow heart valve, or even a cryopreserved valve from a human cadaver would replace the faulty AV Valve. (MarieB 672)
chordae tendineae
Tricuspid valve (located between the Rigth Atrium and Right Ventricle in the heart) is also known as the Right Atrioventricular valve. The name "Tricuspid" indicates its structure, or form, as it has three flaps (or cusps), against the Bicuspid Valve (located between the Left Atrium and the Left Ventricle), which only has two. For more info see the related links.
The AV valves separate the upper and lower chambers of the heart. The bicuspid valve is on the left, and the tricuspid on the right.
The left Mitral atrioventricular valve is bicuspid (two flaps).
tricuspid
Bicuspid valve.. a birth defect of the aortic valve.
The antrioventricular valve has two valves. The bicuspid valve has 2 flaps and in located in the right ventricle/right atrium. The tricuspid valve has 3 flaps and is located in the left ventricle/left atrium.
There are two Atrioventricular Valves in the heart. The first one, on the right side of the heart, is called the Tricuspid Valve (it has three 'flaps'). On the left side, the Atrioventricular Valve is called the Bicuspid or Mitral Valve (it has two 'flaps')
Mitral Valve
The string-like structures that anchor the valve flaps of the AV valve are called the chordae tendinae, which attach to the papillary muscles of the ventricles. Interestingly enough, the bundle branches extend down and into the areas where the papillary muscles are located, and the resulting contraction of the ventricles ensures that the papillary muscles pull the valves tight, ensuring that they are closed thoroughly to prevent backflow in the heart.
Papillary muscles are connected to the chordae tendonae on the AV valves. During ventricular systole ( contraction of the ventricles) the papillary muscles contract preventing regurgitation of blood back into the atriums.
The Bicuspid Valve is much like the Tricuspid Valve. It allows blood to flow through into the ventricle, but prevents blood from entering back into the atrium. The difference is it only has two flaps instead of three.
After the right AV valve, the blood flows into the right ventricle.
The AV valve is open and the semilunar valve is closed during ventricular diastole.
The antrioventricular valve has two valves. The bicuspid valve has 2 flaps and in located in the right ventricle/right atrium. The tricuspid valve has 3 flaps and is located in the left ventricle/left atrium.