the cathedral by the Seine river on the 'ile de la Cité' is Notre-Dame de Paris
La Sainte Chapelle isn't on any bank of the Seine river. It stands on the middle, on the "ile de la Cité", one of the two islands in the middle of the Seine river, where are also located the cathedral Notre-Dame and the flower market.
The Cathedral in question is Notre Dame Cathedral.
La Seine runs through Paris. The oldest part of Paris where the cathedral is located in an island in the the river.
The Seine or in French Le Seine is a major part of the Paris Basin which in located in France. The Seine is 776 km or 482 miles and is located in the north part of France. More information about the Seine can be located at Wikipedia.
the "quartier latin" is located on the left bank of the Seine river, close to Notre Dame Cathedral. It is the district surrounding the boulevard Saint-Michel, from the banks of the Seine and up to the Sorbonne.
The Louvre is located in the middle of Paris, France. It sits on the northern bank of the Seine river.
en bordure de la Seine
Notre-Dame de Paris
Notre Dame Cathedral (Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris) sits on the Eastern half of L'île de la Cité. (City Island)
The Pont Neuf is right in the middle of Paris. It's the one that joins the 'ile de la cité' - location of Notre Dame cathedral, from both banks of the Seine metro 'pont neuf' east of the Louvre
The Cathedral in question is the Notre Dame Cathedral.
The River Seine in French is feminine.