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Why acceptor energy level is near to valence band in p-type semiconductor?
valance band has lower energy level
What is a compensated semiconductor?
compensated semiconductor...SEMICONDUCTORS WHICH CONTAIN BOTH DONOR AND ACCEPTOR DOPANT ATOMS IN SAME REGION IS CALLED COMPENSATED SEMICONDUCTOR.
Acceptor atom create in semiconductor crystals?
If an acceptor atom is placed in a pure semiconductor, it will accept one or more electrons from the valence band of the semiconductor. This will permit positive holes in the conduction band to carry electrical current - the overall result is that the material will behave as a p-type semiconductor.
What are donor atoms and accepter atoms?
Donor atoms are those impurity atoms in a semiconductor material that give free electons to the material, for example a 5-valent atom in a semiconductor consisting of 4-valent atoms. Acceptor atoms are 3-valent atoms in a 4-valent semiconductor, so an acceptor atom can "accept" an electron from the surrounding atoms what leaves a free "hole" . Free electrons (from donor atoms) and free holes (from acceptor atoms) make the semiconductor conduct electricity.
What is definition of semiconductor conductor and insulator?
semiconductor is intermediate between conductor and non conductor of electricity
What is the difference between step graded and linearly graded semiconductor p-n junction?
In step-graded the acceptor and donor concentrations in the semiconductor are constants up to the junction.In a linearly-graded junction, impurity concentration varies linearly with distance from the junction
What term is given the process of rearranging electrons in a semiconductor by adding atoms of other elements?
doping
What is the definition of a bronsted-Lowry base?
A Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor.
What do you understand by a semiconductor?
A p-type semiconductor (p for Positive) is obtained by carrying out a process of doping by adding a certain type of atoms (acceptors) to the semiconductor in order to increase the number of free charge carriers (in this case positive holes). When the doping material is added, it takes away (accepts) weakly bound outer electrons from the semiconductor atoms. This type of doping agent is also known as an acceptor material and the vacancy left behind by the electron is known as a hole
What is the name given to a doped germanium crystal with an excess of free holes?
A doped germanium crystal with an excess of free holes is called a p-type semiconductor. In this type of semiconductor, the majority charge carriers are positively charged "holes" created by introducing acceptor impurities into the crystal lattice.
When a pure semiconductor is dopped with fifth group impurity the fermi leves shifts where?
That depends on the semiconductor and the site the dopant occupies. If the bonding of the dopant requires more electrons than it came with, it accepts those extra electrons from the Fermi level, thereby lowering it. If the dopant has too many electrons to satiate its bonds, then it donates those electrons to the Fermi level, thereby raising it. Just to note: Adding a Group V dopant to a Group IV semiconductor does not mean that it will substitute a native atom. The dopant may take up an interstitial location, where it might seek a valence of 4 (sp3), 6 (filled p-shell), or 8 (filled s&p shells). In the first case it is a single donor, in the next a single acceptor, and in the last a triple acceptor. It might also remain uncharged. In a II-VI semiconductor, a Group V atom could substitute on an anion (chalcogen) or cation (metal) site. If on the anion site, it would have too few electrons (5 < 6) and become an acceptor. If on the cation site, it would have too many electrons (5 > 2) and likely become a donor. The dopant might also occupy an interstitial site.
What is a characteristic of the Brønsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases?
acc. to this concept , acids are proton donor and base are proton acceptor . reverse of these reactions are also acid base pairs and the pairs are known as conjugate acid base pairs . .
