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An interstate highway system
yes
Any road may be a highway, an Interstate is larger and usually funded by a federal government
Individual state highway departments. The Federal government provides most of the funding for Interstate & US Highways though.
The Federal Highway Administration
The last stretch of the original Federal Highway Act (FAHA) of 1956, interstate 105 in Los Angeles, was finished in 1993.
It was the 1956 Eissenhower administration legislation properly called the Federal-Aid Highway Act which authorized the construction of 40,000 miles of interstate highways in the US.
The Interstate Highway System was authorized by the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 - popularly known as the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act of 1956 - on June 29
It was the 1956 Eissenhower administration legislation properly called the Federal-Aid Highway Act which authorized the construction of 40,000 miles of interstate highways in the US.
It approved a plan for the federal government to use federal tax money to build a highway system that connected the states. It was questioned for being unconstitutional but the Feds said it was necessary for national defense to move troops quickly thus making it constitutional for the Feds to build
Any public road that is not an Interstate highway or that is not access on federal land.
The major highways are highway 50 highway 99 and highway 101 As well as Interstate 5, Interstate 40, Interstate 15, Interstate 8, and Interstate 80.