What accurately describes the grammar of a conditional-statement in c plus plus?

Answer 1

if (conditional_statement) {

//Code to execute if true

}

if (conditional_statement) {

//Code to execute if true

} else {

//Code to execute if false

}

if (conditional_statement) {

//Code to execute if true

} else if (another_conditional_statement) {

//Code to execute of the second conditional statement is true

} else {

//Code to execute if neither statement is true

}

There are a few things to note about if statements that might be helpful:

• You can have as many 'else if' declarations in an 'if' statement as you want (These are called stacked if's)
• You can specify an if statement without the curly braces ('{' and '}') if there is only one line of code. For example:

  if (x > 10) x = 0;

  This will set x back to 0 if it is greater than 10, just like a normal 'if' statement but without the curly braces.

• As a result of this, 'else if', to the compiler, is not special at all. An 'if/else-if/else' statement is actually just two 'if/else' statements stacked on top of one another, where the 'else' doesn't have curly braces (hence the term "stacked if statement").

  To demonstrate, the following two if statements are actually interpreted exactly the same by the compiler:

  if (x -10) {

  x = 0;

  } else {

  x++; //Increment x;

  }

  }