The funeral for John Paul II was on April 8, 2005.
There was no Pope John VI in 1963. Pope Paul VI took office that year. Paul VI took office on June 21, 1963.
Pope's are elected by a conclave of cardinals voting for a candidate. Cardinal Karol Wojtyła was chosen on October 16, 1978. He took the name John Paul II. Just a quick addition: He was elected after the 33 day papacy of Pope John Paul I who died suddenly in his sleep due to complications of an undiagnosed heart condition (it's considered by some that John Paul I died from a heart attack). 1978 is sometimes referred as the "Year of 3 Popes" because Pope Paul VI (elected in 1963) led the Church until his death in the summer, than the first conclave elected Cardinal Albino Luciani as Pope John Paul I, followed by the second conclave in October elected Cardinal Karol Wojtyla as Pope John Paul II who closed out the year and reigned until 2005.
Yes, he was the 23rd pope to take the name John.
On the day of answering, the 28th of February 2013, there have been four, with a new one to be elected shortly. The Popes since 1964 have been: Paul VI John Paul I John Paul II Benedict XVI
He didn't get married. Priests (and transitional deacons, bishops, popes, etc) take a vow of celibacy.
Pope Benedict, as Cardinal Ratzinger, was Pope John Paul II's right hand man for many, many years. It is to be hoped that the primary moving force in Cardinal Ratzinger's selection as pope was the Holy Spirit, but that fact that Pope John Paul had been Pope for many years, and that no one knew his mind better than Cardinal Ratzinger may have made the choice perfectly obvious to the Cardinals, they certainly didn't take much time to make up their minds.
There are two Pope John Pauls: the name of the first before he became pope was Albino Luciani. The more more famous John Paul II's baptismal name was Karol Wojtyla. Benedict XVI's was Joseph Ratzinger. Like a woman who takes her husband's name upon marriage, the new pope takes a religious name which then becomes his "real" name from that point onwards although when the pope signs legal documents he likely must sign his birth name since other religious, like monks and nuns who take religious names, must use their birth names on secular, legal documentation.
Pope Francis became a Cardinal in the year 2001
He was elected Pope on April 19th 2005, in a papal conclave. He then celebrated his Papal Inauguration Mass on April 24th 2005. And on May 7th 2005 he took possession of his Cathedral. Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger was elected Pope on the 19 of April in 2005, and took the name Benedict XVI. I take it you mean when Pope Benedict XVI was pope, or when Benedict XVI become pope. I'll answer both ways. Cardinal Joseph Alois Ratzinger a major prefect in the Roman Curia (the Holy See's government in a way) and also dean the College of Cardinals under Pope John Paul II. When John Paul died in April 2005, the College of Cardinals entered conclave on April 17 and on the two days later on April 19, the Cardinals elected Cardinal Ratzinger as pope being John Paul's successor. Cardinal Ratzinger as you know took the name of Benedict XVI. Pope Benedict led the Church from his election in 2005 to his resignation/retirement on Feb. 28, 2013 due to exhaustion and old age.
Pope Gregory excommunicated King Henry IV while Henry declared the pope deposed. Most of the people seemed to support the actions of the pope and not those of Henry.
The last Pope to take an oath upon assuming his coronation was Pope Paul VI, since that time, the Popes have given up the coronation ceremony, and any oath that went along with that ceremony. I believe Paul VI actually gave away the Papal Tiara, but I don't know that for sure.