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The pancreas is a small (5 to 6 inches) gland that produces insulin and enzymes used for digestion. Insulin regulates the use of blood sugar throughout the body and is therefore necessary for life. The pancreas also produces a fluid that neutralizes stomach acid.

The pancreas produces and secretes digestive enzymes which break down carbohydrates (amylase) and fats (lipase).

The beta cells of the pancreas also make insulin which helps control blood glucose levels and allows glucose to enter the cells to be used for energy.


Pancreas: Function

The pancreas is a small organ, approximately six inches long, located in the upper abdomen, and adjacent to the small intestine. It lies toward your back. Because it is so deep within your body, doctors have difficulty diagnosing disease in the pancreas.

The PancreasCompletes the job of breaking down protein, carbohydrates, and fats using digestive juices of pancreas combined with juices from the intestines.

Secretes hormones that affect the level of sugar in the blood.

Produces chemicals that neutralize stomach acids that pass from the stomach into the small intestine by using substances in pancreatic juice.

Contains Islets of Langerhans, which are tiny groups of specialized cells that are scattered throughout the organ.

  • These cells secrete:
    • Glucagon-raises the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood
    • Insulin-stimulates cells to use glucose
    • Somatostatin-may regulate the secretion of glucagons and insulin.


It has two functions:

1) It secretes digestive enzymes into the intestines.

2) It has hormone producing islands of cells that control the glucose levels in the blood by secreting insulin (to lower it) and glucagon (to raise it). It also secretes other hormones called somatostain and pancreatic polypeptide

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10y ago
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13y ago

Mostly glucose concentration of the blood. The Islets of Langerhans detect the change and if it is too high secrete insulin. If it's too low, secrete glucagon.

Insulin and glucagon are protein hormones.

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6y ago

A healthy pancreas balances the blood sugar level by "releasing just the right amount of insulin as glucose levels wax and wane throughout the day".

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Which endocrine gland is also part of the digestive system?

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