Yes
Illness caused by lack of sufficient amount of a nutrient is called "malnutrition".
Sodium
It depends on what amount of salt you use and the amount. I am presuming that you are using coking salt. Salt kills plants, it wont kill your bean seed with a tiny amount but the larger the amount the bigger the risk of it dieing.
This is the maximum amount of a nutrient that can be consumed without adverse effects. It is not a target figure; it is an upper limit.
Nutrient dense foods provide the maximum nutrients for least amount of calories.
If the amount of water is to great around the bean seed it will die and not be able to germinate.
The amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of about 98 percent of the population is termed the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).
Water
The amount of water you add.
Interesting and very difficult to put into x amount of letters.
A substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life.
This is the maximum amount of a nutrient that can be consumed without adverse effects. It is not a target figure; it is an upper limit.