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Principles and Theories of Taxation 1. The Benefit Principle- This principle holds the individuals should be taxed in proportion to the benefits they receive from the governments and that taxes should be paid by those people who receive the direct benefit of the government programs and projects out of the taxes paid. 2. The Ability to Pay Principle- This principle holds that taxes should relate with the people's income or the ability to pay, that is, people with greater income or wealth and can afford to pay more taxes should be taxed at a higher rate than people with less wealth. An example is Individual income tax. 3. Taxation The Equal Distribution Principle- This principle states that income, wealth, and transaction should be taxed at a fixed percentage; that is, people who earn more and buy more should pay more taxes, but will not pay a higher rate of taxes.
Taxation has inherent limitations, such as the following: 1. Taxes must be levied for public purposes and no amount shall be used for religious purposes. 2. The power of taxation cannot be delegated. 3. Only one tax can be imposed on the same income (rule against double taxation) 4. Government instrumentalities and agencies though which the government exercises sovereign powers are exempt from tax, in the absence of the contrary intent in the law. 5. The power of taxation is limited to the territorial jurisdiction of the taxing state. 6. Tax laws cannot apply to properties of foreign governments (international comity). 7. The supreme Court has jurisdiction on tax laws.
Taxation in the Constitution can be found in Article I, Section, 2, Clause 3.
flat tax progressive consumer
Principles Underlying Teaching 1. Principle of Context 2. Principle of Focus 3. Principle of Socialization 4. Principle of Individualization 5. Principle of Sequence 6. Principle of Evaluation
1.principle of attainability 2.principle of acceptability 3.principle of communication 4.principle of clarity and or simplicity 5.the motivational principle 6.principle of suitability 6.the principle of commitment
Indiana has one statute of limitations for misdemeanors. It is set at 2 years.
In Arizona, the statute of limitations for a misdemeanor DUI offense is typically one year. For felony DUI offenses, there is no statute of limitations, meaning a charge can be brought at any time. However, it is always best to consult with a legal professional for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
They are: 1) Principle of Superposition 2) Principle of Original Horizontality 3) Principle of Lateral Continuity 4) Principle of Cross-Cutting relationships
Police Power Power of Eminent Domain Power of Taxation
basic administ
2 years