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A small piece of soot is called a "smut."
A small piece or part of something like a piece of glass is called a shard.
A small piece of cloth is usually called a patch. A small piece of cloth could also be called a rag or a washcloth.
A small piece of cloth is usually called a patch. A small piece of cloth could also be called a rag or a washcloth.
Sinfonietta
The small piece of cartilage at the base of the sternum is called the xiphoid process
A small piece of land in the sea is called an island.
A small piece or part of something is called a portion of whatever the thing is.
A "pip" of chocolate
It's called "calving"
In the case of a rifle or handgun, it is a shot group. In the case of a shotgun, it may be a pattern (for small shot) or a shot group for slugs.